Lymphoma Risks in Border Collies: What Drugs are Safe and Appropriate?

However, certain breeds, like Border Collies, are at a higher risk. While the exact causes of lymphoma in dogs remains unclear, we know that genetics, environmental factors, and immune system function all play a role in the development of the disease. As a Border Collie owner, it's important to be aware of the risks and learn how to be vigilant in preventing this potentially devastating disease.

Border Collies, celebrated for their intelligence, agility, and boundless energy, are a breed that has been identified as having an increased risk for lymphoma. While researchers are still uncovering the exact reasons behind this susceptibility, genetic factors are believed to play a significant role, making awareness and vigilance essential for owners.  

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Recognizing the Symptoms

‍Given their predisposition, recognizing the early signs of lymphoma in Border Collies is crucial for prompt intervention. The early stages of lymphoma can be subtle, and the symptoms are often mistaken for other health issues. Some of the most common symptoms to watch for include swollen lymph nodes, lethargy, weight loss or poor appetite, vomiting, or diarrhea. Because these symptoms can overlap with other conditions, consulting a veterinarian for a professional evaluation is essential.

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Lymphoma Treatment and Multidrug Resistance 1

Prior to treating Border Collies for lymphoma, it’s vital to know if the dog has a genetic mutation known as MDR1, or Multidrug Resistance, which is common in herding breeds. Research shows that up to 70% of collies are affected.¹

“If your dog has the MDR1 gene mutation, you should be careful with giving certain medications such as heartworm preventatives, antibiotics and chemo drugs,” says Mary Ocnean, Vice President of Commercial Operations at ImpriMed. “MDR1-positive dogs are at risk from certain oncology drugs, so veterinarians must know which pet patients have the condition, so their medication is accurately prescribed and safely managed.”

The MDR1 gene is responsible for producing a protein that helps eliminate drugs and toxins from the body. Dogs with a mutation in this gene may be unable to eliminate certain drugs effectively, leading to adverse reactions or even toxicity. This can include commonly prescribed anticancer drugs for canine lymphoma such as doxorubicin, vincristine, and vinblastine making the use of commonly used multidrug protocols impossible. For a detailed list of medications that may be poorly tolerated by dogs with the MDR1 mutation, refer to this resource.

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Multidrug Sensitivity Genotyping

For Border Collie owners, understanding whether your dog carries the MDR1 gene mutation is crucial for safe and effective treatment–especially when dealing with lymphoma. ImpriMed Multidrug Sensitivity Genotyping (MDR1) is a non-invasive and reliable test that can determine your dog’s MDR1 status. This test can be easily ordered by your veterinarian, providing essential information to guide medical choices and treatment plans.

While this genotyping is particularly important for preventing adverse events in breeds such as Collies, Long-haired Whippets, and Australian Shepherds, but any breed may harbor these mutations. By working with your veterinarian to perform this test, you can prevent adverse drug reactions and ensure medications are prescribed safely.

ImpriMed’s typical turnaround time for Multidrug Sensitivity Genotyping is 2-3 days after the sample is received at the lab. This quick turnaround helps your veterinarian make timely and informed decisions for your dog’s care.

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Conclusion

While lymphoma can be a serious and often heartbreaking diagnosis, staying informed and proactive about your Border Collie’s health can make all the difference. Early detection, understanding their genetic predispositions, and choosing safe treatments are key steps in giving your dog the best chance at a long and happy life. With tests like MDR1 genotyping, you can take control of your pet’s care and reduce the risks associated with this disease.